REPORT

C3S–WMO European State of the Climate 2025

The European State of the Climate 2025 provides a comprehensive assessment of climate conditions, major events and long-term indicators across Europe.

Report information

AUTHORS

C3S/ECMWF and WMO

YEAR

2,026

REPORT TYPE

International Climate Assessment Report

ISSUING INSTITUTION

Copernicus Climate Change Service and World Meteorological Organization

INSTITUTION

C3S/ECMWF and WMO

GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS

Europe

RESEARCH AXIS

Cross-Axis

PARTNERS

Copernicus Climate Change Service; European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; World Meteorological Organization

THEMES

Climate change; European climate assessment; Climate indicators; Research impact

METHODS

Scientific assessment; observational-data synthesis; expert authorship

OPEN ACCESS

Report overview

The European State of the Climate 2025 is a major annual scientific assessment produced by the Copernicus Climate Change Service and the World Meteorological Organization. Published in 2026, it brings together around one hundred scientists to document climate conditions, long-term indicators, extreme events and impacts across Europe.

The report integrates observational datasets and expert analysis covering the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, hydrological conditions and significant events. It connects physical climate indicators with impacts and with the policy context of adaptation, mitigation and biodiversity. Daniela Perrotti contributed as a lead author, bringing urban, landscape and sustainability expertise to the interdisciplinary assessment.

The report represents an important strand of the Lab’s international scientific impact. It places urban-metabolism and planning knowledge within a continent-wide climate service designed to support public understanding and evidence-based decision-making.